Thursday, June 8, 2023
| Characteristic | Total | Physical health condition | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asthma | Heart disease | Diabetes | Obesity | ||
| Totalb | 81,682 | 11,717 (14.3) | 3,971 (4.9) | 5,317 (6.5) | 16,207 (19.8) |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 42.1 (14.1) | 40.9 (14.1) | 50.3 (13.8) | 51.3 (12.8) | 44.0 (13.3) |
| Race | |||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 1,582 (1.9) | 298 (18.8) | 91 (5.8) | 178 (11.2) | 330 (20.9) |
| Asian | 2,949 (3.6) | 325 (11.0) | 121 (4.1) | 195 (6.6) | 195 (6.6) |
| Black/African American | 11,837 (14.5) | 1,787 (15.1) | 674 (5.7) | 1,209 (10.2) | 2,587 (21.9) |
| Multiracial | 2,944 (3.6) | 638 (21.7) | 179 (6.1) | 130 (4.4) | 703 (23.9) |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 491 (0.6) | 67 (13.6) | 21 (4.3) | 53 (10.9) | 77 (15.7) |
| Prefer to not answer | 9,731 (11.9) | 1,189 (12.2) | 364 (3.7) | 606 (6.2) | 1,410 (14.5) |
| White | 52,164 (63.8) | 7,413 (14.2) | 2,520 (4.8) | 2,946 (5.6) | 10,905 (20.9) |
| Hispanic ethnicity | |||||
| No | 61,806 (75.7) | 9,099 (14.7) | 3,207 (5.2) | 4,043 (6.5) | 13,121 (21.2) |
| Yes | 17,753 (21.7) | 2,362 (13.3) | 676 (3.8) | 1,112 (6.3) | 2,723 (15.3) |
| Prefer to not answer | 2,139 (2.6) | 255 (11.9) | 88 (4.1) | 163 (7.6) | 363 (17.0) |
| Sex/gender | |||||
| Female | 78,725 (96.4) | 11,358 (14.4) | 3,789 (4.8) | 5,106 (6.5) | 15,780 (20.0) |
| Male | 2,033 (2.5) | 231 (11.4) | 139 (6.8) | 149 (7.3) | 267 (13.1) |
| Nonbinary | 225 (0.3) | 51 (22.8) | 14 (6.3) | 11 (4.8) | 51 (22.7) |
| Prefer to not answer | 715 (0.9) | 76 (10.6) | 29 (4.1) | 52 (7.3) | 109 (15.2) |
| Medical insurance | |||||
| No | 8,808 (10.8) | 1,012 (11.5) | 327 (3.7) | 424 (4.8) | 1,551 (17.6) |
| Yes | 72,890 (89.2) | 10,705 (14.7) | 3,644 (5.0) | 4,893 (6.7) | 14,656 (20.1) |
| Program type | |||||
| Center-based | |||||
| For-profit center | 19,976 (24.5) | 2,861 (14.3) | 1,050 (5.3) | 1,222 (6.1) | 4,133 (20.7) |
| School-based | 10,604 (13.0) | 1,529 (14.4) | 450 (4.2) | 465 (4.4) | 1,729 (16.3) |
| Head Start/Early Head Start | 8,506 (10.4) | 1,309 (15.4) | 370 (4.4) | 637 (7.5) | 1,992 (23.4) |
| Drop-in center | 1,596 (2.0) | 220 (13.8) | 49 (3.1) | 69 (4.3) | 210 (13.1) |
| Nonprofit agency center | 15,875 (19.4) | 2,336 (14.7) | 802 (5.1) | 1,076 (6.8) | 3,588 (22.6) |
| Other center-based | 5,949 (7.3) | 945 (15.9) | 267 (4.5) | 352 (5.9) | 1,073 (18.0) |
| Home-based/family childcare | 18,078 (22.1) | 2,348 (13.0) | 946 (5.2) | 1,435 (7.9) | 3,309 (18.3) |
| Nanny/home visiting | 1,115 (1.4) | 169 (15.2) | 37 (3.3) | 61 (5.4) | 174 (15.6) |
Table 1. Prevalence of Physical Health Conditions Among US Childcare Professionals, by Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2020a
a Data were collected from self-identifying childcare professionals through an online Qualtrics survey distributed from May 22, 2020, through June 8, 2020. All values are number (percentage) unless otherwise indicated.b Because of sample weighting, frequencies may not add exactly to totals.
| Characteristic | Asthma | Heart disease | Diabetes | Obesity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 0.99 (0.99–0.99)b | 1.04 (1.04–1.05)b | 1.05 (1.05–1.06)b | 1.01 (1.01–1.01)b |
| Race | ||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 1.44 (1.23–1.69)b | 1.42 (1.11–1.82)b | 2.34 (1.96–2.80)b | 1.11 (0.95–1.29) |
| Asian | 0.74 (0.64–0.84)b | 0.89 (0.72–1.11) | 1.34 (1.11–1.62)b | 0.27 (0.22–0.31)b |
| Black/African American | 1.09 (1.02–1.16)b | 1.14 (1.03–1.26)b | 1.86 (1.71–2.03)b | 1.01 (0.96–1.07) |
| Multiracial | 1.62 (1.47–1.79)b | 1.74 (1.46–2.08)b | 1.07 (0.87–1.31) | 1.30 (1.18–1.43)b |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 1.00 (0.73–1.37) | 0.88 (0.53–1.45) | 1.88 (1.34–2.64)b | 0.76 (0.58–0.99)b |
| Prefer not to answer | 0.91 (0.83–0.99) | 0.95 (0.81–1.11) | 1.09 (0.96–1.23) | 0.78 (0.72–0.85)b |
| White | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Hispanic | ||||
| No | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 0.90 (0.85–0.96)b | 0.95 (0.85–1.06) | 1.34 (1.22–1.47)b | 0.75 (0.71–0.80)b |
| Prefer to not answer | 0.90 (0.76–1.07) | 0.82 (0.61–1.12) | 1.23 (0.98–1.54) | 0.93 (0.80–1.08) |
| Sex/gender | ||||
| Female | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Male | 0.74 (0.63–0.88)b | 1.49 (1.22–1.80)b | 1.18 (0.96–1.44) | 0.62 (0.53–0.73)b |
| Nonbinary | 1.58 (1.11–2.25)b | 1.97 (1.01–3.84)b | 1.06 (0.45–2.48) | 1.32 (0.90–1.93) |
| Prefer to not answer | 0.80 (0.55–1.17) | 0.93 (0.53–1.65) | 0.99 (0.66–1.50) | 0.82 (0.63–1.07) |
| Medical insurance | ||||
| Yes | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| No | 0.74 (0.68–0.80)b | 0.89 (0.77–1.02) | 0.81 (0.72–0.92)b | 0.94 (0.88–1.00)b |
| Program type | ||||
| For-profit center | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Home-based/family childcare | 0.94 (0.88–1.01) | 0.83 (0.74–0.92)b | 0.99 (0.89–1.10) | 0.85 (0.80–0.91)b |
| Nanny/home visiting | 1.02 (0.84–1.25) | 0.89 (0.58–1.36) | 1.27 (0.91–1.77) | 0.82 (0.67–1.00)b |
| Nonprofit agency center | 1.05 (0.98–1.12) | 0.87 (0.78–0.97)b | 1.01 (0.91–1.11) | 1.10 (1.03–1.17)b |
| School-based | 0.99 (0.91–1.08) | 0.90 (0.78–1.04) | 0.78 (0.69–0.88)b | 0.81 (0.75–0.87)b |
| Head Start/Early Head Start | 1.08 (0.99–1.17) | 0.89 (0.77–1.02) | 1.21 (1.08–1.35)b | 1.28 (1.19–1.37)b |
| Drop-in center | 0.92 (0.78–1.09) | 0.86 (0.59–1.24) | 0.95 (0.69–1.30) | 0.69 (0.57–0.84)b |
| Other center-based | 1.14 (1.03–1.26)b | 0.91 (0.77–1.06) | 1.00 (0.87–1.16) | 0.89 (0.81–0.98)b |
Table 2. Logistic Regression of Physical Health Conditions and Sociodemographic Characteristics Among US Childcare Professionals, 2020a
a Data were collected from self-identifying childcare professionals through an online Qualtrics survey distributed from May 22, 2020, through June 8, 2020. All values are odds ratio (95% CI).
b P < .05; determined by logistic regression.
| Characteristic | Depression (CES-D-10)b | Stress (PSS-10)c | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) score | Screened negative, no. (%) | Screened positive, no. (%) | Mean (SD) score | Low stress, no. (%) | Moderate stress, no. (%) | High stress, no. (%) | |
| Total | 10.2 (6.0) | 44,322 (54.3) | 37,376 (45.7) | 17.5 (7.4) | 27,317 (33.4) | 34,752 (42.5) | 19,629 (24.0) |
| Race | |||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 10.5 (5.9) | 776 (49.1) | 805 (50.9) | 17.9 (7.2) | 518 (32.7) | 679 (42.9) | 385 (24.3) |
| Asian | 9.9 (5.8) | 1,659 (56.3) | 1,290 (43.7) | 18.2 (6.9) | 773 (26.2) | 1,402 (47.5) | 774 (26.2) |
| Black/African American | 9.8 (5.8) | 6,990 (59.1) | 4,847 (40.9) | 16.5 (7.6) | 4,669 (39.4) | 4,265 (36.0) | 2,904 (24.5) |
| Multiracial | 11.3 (5.9) | 1,330 (45.2) | 1,614 (54.8) | 18.4 (7.1) | 816 (27.7) | 1,357 (46.1) | 771 (26.2) |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 8.9 (5.2) | 308 (62.7) | 183 (37.3) | 16.5 (7.5) | 223 (45.3) | 164 (33.4) | 104 (21.3) |
| Prefer to not answer | 10.4 (5.7) | 5,183 (53.3) | 4,548 (46.7) | 17.6 (7.3) | 3,156 (32.4) | 4,029 (41.4) | 2,547 (26.2) |
| White | 10.2 (6.0) | 28,075 (53.8) | 24,089 (46.2) | 17.6 (7.3) | 17,163 (32.9) | 22,856 (43.8) | 12,145 (23.3) |
| Hispanic | |||||||
| No | 10.2 (6.0) | 33,644 (54.4) | 28,162 (45.6) | 17.5 (7.4) | 20,647 (33.4) | 26,538 (42.9) | 14,621 (23.7) |
| Yes | 10.3 (5.8) | 9,494 (53.5) | 8,259 (46.5) | 17.5 (7.3) | 5,932 (33.4) | 7,390 (41.6) | 4,431 (25.0) |
| Prefer to not answer | 10.5 (5.7) | 1,184 (55.3) | 955 (44.7) | 17.4 (7.3) | 739 (34.5) | 823 (38.5) | 577 (27.0) |
| Sex/gender | |||||||
| Female | 10.2 (6.0) | 42,714 (54.3) | 36,011 (45.7) | 17.5 (7.4) | 26,346 (33.5) | 33,459 (42.5) | 18,921 (24.0) |
| Male | 10.1 (6.0) | 1,169 (57.5) | 864 (42.5) | 17.0 (7.5) | 667 (32.8) | 883 (43.5) | 482 (23.7) |
| Nonbinary | 13.7 (6.3) | 75 (33.5) | 150 (66.5) | 19.7 (7.3) | 65 (29.0) | 91 (40.5) | 69 (30.5) |
| Prefer to not answer | 10.2 (5.3) | 364 (51.0) | 351 (49.0) | 17.1 (6.6) | 239 (33.4) | 319 (44.6) | 158 (22.0) |
| Health insurance | |||||||
| No | 10.6 (6.0) | 4,516 (51.3) | 4,292 (48.7) | 18.0 (7.5) | 2,908 (33.0) | 3,593 (40.8) | 2,306 (26.2) |
| Yes | 10.2 (5.9) | 39,807 (54.6) | 33,083 (45.4) | 17.4 (7.4) | 24,409 (33.5) | 31,159 (42.7) | 17,322 (23.8) |
| Program type | |||||||
| For-profit center | 10.6 (6.0) | 10,707 (53.6) | 9,269 (46.4) | 18.3 (7.4) | 6,193 (31.0) | 8,400 (42.0) | 5,383 (27.0) |
| Home-based/family childcare | 8.6 (5.9) | 11,552 (63.9) | 6,526 (36.1) | 15.4 (7.6) | 7,748 (42.9) | 7,100 (39.3) | 3,230 (17.8) |
| Nanny/home visiting | 11.0 (6.0) | 533 (47.7) | 581 (52.3) | 18.7 (7.3) | 291 (26.2) | 470 (42.1) | 353 (31.7) |
| Nonprofit agency center | 10.7 (5.9) | 8,163 (51.5) | 7,712 (48.5) | 18.0 (7.2) | 4,959 (31.2) | 7,245 (45.6) | 3671 (23.1) |
| School-based | 10.9 (5.9) | 5,135 (48.4) | 5,469 (51.6) | 18.2 (7.1) | 3,146 (29.6) | 4,564 (43.1) | 2,894 (27.3) |
| Head Start/Early Head Start | 10.6 (5.7) | 4,308 (50.6) | 4,198 (49.4) | 17.6 (7.0) | 2,644 (31.1) | 3,980 (46.8) | 1,881 (22.2) |
| Drop-in center | 11.9 (5.8) | 795 (49.6) | 801 (50.4) | 18.9 (6.9) | 522 (32.9) | 620 (38.7) | 454 (28.4) |
| Other center-based | 10.5 (5.7) | 3,129 (52.5) | 2,820 (47.5) | 17.8 (6.9) | 1,816 (30.5) | 2,371 (39.9) | 1,762 (29.6) |
Table 3. Prevalence of Mental Health Outcomes, by Sociodemographic Characteristics, Among US Childcare Professionals, 2020a
Abbreviations: CES-D-10, Epidemiological Studies–Depression-10; PSS-10, Perceived Stress Scale-10.
a Data were collected from self-identifying childcare professionals through an online Qualtrics survey distributed from May 22, 2020, through June 8, 2020.
b CES-D-10 items assess depression-related symptoms experienced in the previous week (0 = rarely or none of the time; 1 = some or little of the time; 2 = occasionally or a moderate amount of the time; 3 = all of the time), such as restless sleep, poor appetite, and feelings of loneliness (26). Possible scores range from 0 to 30. Scores ≥10 were considered positive for depression.
c PSS-10 questions ask about feelings and thoughts during the previous month and are rated on a 5-point Likert Scale (0 = never; 1 = almost never; 2 = sometimes; 3 = fairly often; 4 = very often) (27). Possible scores range from 0 to 40; scores of 0 to 13 are considered low stress, 14 to 26 moderate stress, and 27 to 40 high stress.
| Characteristic | Depressive Symptoms (CES-D-10) | Stress (PSS-10) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | SE | β (95% CI) | SE | |
| Age | −0.11 (−0.16 to −0.05)b | 0.03 | −0.07 (−0.11 to −0.03)b | 0.02 |
| Race | ||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 0.28 (−1.60 to 2.15) | 0.90 | 0.14 (−1.53 to 1.82) | 0.81 |
| Asian | 0.53 (−2.52 to 3.57) | 1.45 | −0.39 (−2.34 to 1.55) | 0.93 |
| Black/African American | −0.83 (−2.17 to 0.51) | 0.64 | −0.26 (−1.18 to 0.66) | 0.44 |
| Multiracial | 0.11 (−1.91 to 2.13) | 0.97 | 0.58 (−1.29 to 2.46) | 0.90 |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | −0.60 (−5.21 to 4.01) | 2.21 | −1.09 (−4.59 to 2.41) | 1.68 |
| Prefer to not answer | 0.16 (−1.83 to 2.16) | 0.95 | 0.28 (−1.07 to 1.63) | 0.65 |
| White | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Hispanic | ||||
| No | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Yes | −0.46 (−1.67 to 0.75) | 0.58 | −0.33 (−1.50 to 0.84) | 0.56 |
| Prefer to not answer | −0.16 (−2.46 to 2.13) | 1.10 | 0.08 (−2.62 to 2.79) | 1.29 |
| Sex/gender | ||||
| Female | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Male | −0.95 (−3.52 to 1.61) | 1.23 | −0.45 (−2.29 to 1.38) | 0.88 |
| Nonbinary | 0.97 (−5.53 to 7.47) | 3.11 | 2.61 (0.26 to 4.95) | 1.14 |
| Prefer to not answer | −0.42 (−6.37 to 5.53) | 2.84 | −0.27 (−5.00 to 4.47) | 2.26 |
| Health insurance | ||||
| Yes | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| No | 0.26 (−1.49 to 2.01) | 0.83 | 0.27 (−1.09 to 1.63) | 0.65 |
| Program type | ||||
| For-profit center | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Home-based/family childcare | −2.30 (−3.89 to −0.72)b | 0.76 | −1.54 (−2.45 to −0.63)b | 0.43 |
| Nanny/home visiting | −0.49 (−3.70 to 2.73) | 1.54 | −0.20 (−3.03 to 2.63) | 1.35 |
| Nonprofit agency center | −0.02 (−1.18 to 1.13) | 0.55 | 0.30 (−0.47 to 1.07) | 0.37 |
| School-based | −0.40 (−2.10 to 1.30) | 0.81 | 0.11 (−0.87 to 1.09) | 0.47 |
| Head Start/Early Head Start | −0.73 (−2.77 to 1.30) | 0.97 | −0.07 (−1.24 to 1.10) | 0.56 |
| Drop-in center | −0.27 (−4.06 to 3.52) | 1.81 | 0.73 (−2.15 to 3.61) | 1.38 |
| Other center-based | −0.68 (−2.58 to 1.22) | 0.91 | −0.13 (−1.59 to 1.33) | 0.70 |
Table 4. Linear Regression of CES-D-10, PSS-10, and Sociodemographic Characteristics Among US Childcare Professionals, 2020a
Abbreviations: Abbreviations: CES-D-10, Epidemiological Studies–Depression-10; PSS-10, Perceived Stress Scale-10.
a Data were collected from self-identifying childcare professionals through an online Qualtrics survey distributed from May 22, 2020, through June 8, 2020.
b P < .05; determined by linear regression.
| Characteristic | Total | Chronic lung disease/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Smoking | Chronic/severe kidney disease | Liver disease | Immunosuppressive treatments of cancer/inflammatory disease | Immune-compromising conditions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 81,682 | 814 (1.0) | 3,619 (4.4) | 562 (0.7) | 545 (0.7) | 3,851 (4.7) | 1,884 (2.3) |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 42.1 (14.1) | 54.0 (13.0) | 39.7 (13.4) | 48.6 (14.9) | 46.1 (13.4) | 47.4 (13.1) | 40.5 (14.0) |
| Race | |||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 1,582 (1.9) | 33 (2.1) | 110 (7.0) | 26 (1.6) | 31 (2.0) | 74 (4.7) | 41 (2.6) |
| Asian | 2,949 (3.6) | 12 (0.4) | 43 (1.4) | 10 (0.3) | 12 (0.4) | 67 (2.3) | 17 (0.6) |
| Black/African American | 11,837 (14.5) | 108 (0.9) | 484 (4.1) | 82 (0.7) | 55 (0.5) | 559 (4.7) | 192 (1.6) |
| Multiracial | 2,944 (3.6) | 18 (0.6) | 186 (6.3) | 13 (0.4) | 22 (0.8) | 138 (4.7) | 108 (3.7) |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 491 (0.6) | 12 (2.4) | 26 (5.3) | 2 (0.3) | 3 (0.5) | 24 (4.9) | 17 (3.4) |
| Prefer to not answer | 9,731 (11.9) | 57 (0.6) | 260 (2.7) | 56 (0.6) | 75 (0.8) | 371 (3.8) | 141 (1.5) |
| White | 52,164 (63.8) | 575 (1.1) | 2,510 (4.8) | 375 (0.7) | 348 (0.7) | 2,617 (5.0) | 1,369 (2.6) |
| Hispanic | |||||||
| No | 61,806 (75.7) | 714 (1.2) | 3,081 (5.0) | 450 (0.7) | 381 (0.6) | 3,151 (5.1) | 1,573 (2.5) |
| Yes | 17,753 (21.7) | 69 (0.4) | 466 (2.6) | 104 (0.6) | 144 (0.8) | 613 (3.5) | 271 (1.5) |
| Prefer to not answer | 2,139 (2.6) | 30 (1.4) | 72 (3.4) | 8 (0.4) | 21 (1.0) | 87 (4.0) | 40 (1.9) |
| Sex/gender | |||||||
| Female | 78,725 (96.4) | 786 (1.0) | 3,422 (4.3) | 534 (0.7) | 498 (0.6) | 3,759 (4.8) | 1,811 (2.3) |
| Male | 2,033 (2.5) | 12 (0.6) | 135 (6.6) | 19 (0.9) | 29 (1.4) | 41 (2.0) | 38 (1.9) |
| Nonbinary | 225 (0.3) | 5 (2.1) | 38 (16.7) | 8 (3.4) | 0 (0) | 22 (9.7) | 27 (12.0) |
| Prefer to not answer | 715 (0.9) | 12 (1.7) | 25 (3.4) | 2 (0.2) | 3 (0.5) | 29 (4.0) | 9 (1.3) |
| Health insurance | |||||||
| No | 8,808 (10.8) | 64 (0.7) | 569 (6.5) | 42 (0.5) | 49 (0.6) | 253 (2.9) | 136 (1.5) |
| Yes | 72,890 (89.2) | 750 (1.0) | 3,050 (4.2) | 520 (0.7) | 496 (0.7) | 3,598 (4.9) | 1,749 (2.4) |
| Program type | |||||||
| For-profit center | 19,976 (24.5) | 203 (1.0) | 1,112 (5.6) | 146 (0.7) | 119 (0.6) | 946 (4.7) | 521 (2.6) |
| Home-based/family childcare | 18,078 (22.1) | 214 (1.2) | 500 (2.8) | 127 (0.7) | 120 (0.7) | 922 (5.1) | 339 (1.9) |
| Nanny/home visiting | 1,115 (1.4) | 23 (2.1) | 49 (4.4) | 9 (0.8) | 5 (0.5) | 56 (5.0) | 48 (4.3) |
| Nonprofit agency center | 15,875 (19.4) | 165 (1.0) | 665 (4.2) | 98 (0.6) | 110 (0.7) | 806 (5.1) | 395 (2.5) |
| School-based | 10,604 (13.0) | 78 (0.7) | 359 (3.4) | 65 (0.6) | 82 (0.8) | 457 (4.3) | 247 (2.3) |
| Head Start/Early Head Start | 8,506 (10.4) | 82 (1.0) | 532 (6.3) | 71 (0.8) | 60 (0.7) | 382 (4.5) | 189 (2.2) |
| Drop-in center | 1,596 (2.0) | 8 (0.5) | 134 (8.4) | 3 (0.2) | 10 (0.6) | 44 (2.7) | 20 (1.2) |
| Other center-based | 5,949 (7.3) | 40 (0.7) | 268 (4.5) | 44 (0.7) | 39 (0.7) | 239 (4.0) | 124 (2.1) |
Supplemental Table 1. Prevalence of 6 Physical Health Outcomes, by Sociodemographic Characteristics, Among US Childcare Professionals, 2020a
a Data were collected from self-identifying childcare professionals through an online Qualtrics survey distributed from May 22, 2020, through June 8, 2020. All values are number (percentage) unless otherwise indicated.
| Characteristic | No. of chronic diseases or health conditions | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | ≥3 | |
| Total | 49,099 (60.1) | 21,398 (26.2) | 7,962 (9.7) | 3,239 (4.0) |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 41.1 (13.9) | 42.7 (14.1) | 44.5 (13.8) | 48.1 (13.7) |
| Race | ||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 863 (54.6) | 421 (26.6) | 181 (11.4) | 117 (7.4) |
| Asian | 2,221 (75.3) | 538 (18.3) | 138 (4.7) | 51 (1.7) |
| Black/African American | 6,718 (56.8) | 3271 (27.6) | 1,319 (11.1) | 530 (4.5) |
| Multiracial | 1,561 (53.0) | 832 (28.3) | 406 (13.8) | 146 (4.9) |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 305 (62.1) | 113 (23.1) | 48 (9.7) | 25 (5.1) |
| Prefer to not answer | 6,557 (67.4) | 2,214 (22.8) | 697 (7.2) | 263 (2.7) |
| White | 30,874 (59.2) | 14,009 (26.9) | 5,174 (9.9) | 2,107 (4.0) |
| Hispanic | ||||
| No | 35,969 (58.2) | 16,739 (27.1) | 6,410 (10.4) | 2,588 (4.3) |
| Yes | 11,738 (66.1) | 4,154 (23.4) | 1,392 (7.8) | 468 (2.6) |
| Prefer to not answer | 1,392 (65.1) | 505 (23.6) | 160 (7.5) | 82 (3.8) |
| Sex/gender | ||||
| Female | 47,227 (60.0) | 20,662 (26.2) | 7,709 (9.8) | 3,127 (4.0) |
| Male | 1,300 (64.0) | 498 (24.5) | 169 (8.3) | 65 (3.2) |
| Nonbinary | 88 (39.2) | 80 (35.6) | 33 (14.9) | 23 (10.3) |
| Prefer to not answer | 484 (67.7) | 157 (21.9) | 51 (7.1) | 23 (3.3) |
| Health insurance | ||||
| No | 5,654 (64.2) | 2,212 (25.1) | 711 (8.1) | 231 (2.6) |
| Yes | 43,445 (59.6) | 19,186 (26.3) | 7,251 (9.9) | 3,008 (4.1) |
| Program type | ||||
| For-profit center | 11,757 (58.9) | 5,359 (26.8) | 2,008 (10.1) | 852 (4.3) |
| Home-based/family childcare | 11,247 (62.2) | 4,438 (24.5) | 1,687 (9.3) | 706 (3.9) |
| Nanny/home visiting | 717 (64.3) | 246 (22.1) | 103 (9.3) | 48 (4.3) |
| Nonprofit agency center | 9,171 (57.8) | 4,369 (27.5) | 1,635 (10.3) | 699 (4.4) |
| School-based | 6,755 (63.7) | 2,692 (25.4) | 844 (8.0) | 313 (3.0) |
| Head Start/Early Head Start | 4,783 (56.2) | 2,369 (27.0) | 972 (11.4) | 381 (4.5) |
| Drop-in center | 1,053 (66.0) | 374 (26.2) | 126 (7.9) | 43 (2.7) |
| Other center-based | 3,617 (60.8) | 1,549 (26.0) | 586 (9.8) | 197 (3.3) |
Supplemental Table 2. Number of Chronic Diseases or Health Conditions, by Sociodemographic Characteristics, Among US Childcare Professionals, 2020a
a Data were collected from self-identifying childcare professionals through an online Qualtrics survey distributed from May 22, 2020, through June 8, 2020. All values are number (percentage) unless otherwise indicated.
Physicians - maximum of 1.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™
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This activity is intended for primary care physicians and other clinicians who treat and manage childcare professionals in the US.
The goal of this activity is for learners to be better able to assess the mental and physical health of US childcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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CME / ABIM MOC Released: 9/22/2022
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Given their central role in supporting children’s development, childcare professionals’ overall physical and mental health is important. We evaluated the prevalence of chronic diseases, depression, and stress levels during the COVID-19 pandemic among US childcare professionals.
Data were obtained from US childcare professionals (N = 81,682) through an online survey from May 22, 2020, through June 8, 2020. We used multivariable logistic and linear regression models to assess the association of sociodemographic characteristics with 4 physical health conditions (asthma, heart disease, diabetes, and obesity), depression, and stress weighted to national representativeness.
For physical health conditions, 14.3% (n = 11,717) reported moderate to severe asthma, 6.5% (n = 5,317) diabetes, 4.9% (n = 3,971) heart disease, and 19.8% (n = 16,207) obesity. For mental health, 45.7% (n = 37,376) screened positive for depression and 66.5% (n = 54,381) reported moderate to high stress levels. Race, ethnicity, and sex/gender disparities were found for physical health conditions but not mental health of childcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Our findings highlighted that childcare professionals’ depression rates during the pandemic were higher than before the pandemic, and depression, stress, and asthma rates were higher than rates among US adults overall during the pandemic. Given the essential work childcare professionals provided during the pandemic, policy makers and public health officials should consider what can be done to support their physical and mental health.
