Anker SD, Comin Colet J, Filippatos G, et al; FAIR-HF Trial Investigators. Ferric carboxymaltose in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:2436-2448.
Besarab A, Bolton WK, Browne JK, et al. The effects of normal as compared with low hematocrit values in patients with cardiac disease who are receiving hemodialysis and epoetin. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:584-590.
Drüeke TB, Locatelli F, Clyne N, et al; CREATE Investigators. Normalization of hemoglobin level in patients with chronic kidney disease and anemia. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:2071-2084.
Fishbane S, Pollack S, Feldman HI, et al. Iron indices in chronic kidney disease in the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 1988-2004. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;4:57-61.
Ganz T, Nemeth E. The hepcidin-ferroportin system as a therapeutic target in anemias and iron overload disorders. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2011;2011:538-542.
Goodnough LT. Iron deficiency syndromes and iron-restricted erythropoiesis (CME). Transfusion. 2012;52:1584-1592.
Kalantar-Zadeh K, Streja E, Miller JE, et al. Intravenous iron versus erythropoiesis-stimulating agents: friends or foes in treating chronic kidney disease anemia? Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2009;16:143-151.
Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Anemia Work Group, . KDIGO clinical practice guideline for anemia in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2012;2:279-335.
Locatelli F, Bárány P, Covic A, et al; ERA-EDTA ERBP Advisory Board. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes guidelines on anaemia management in chronic kidney disease: a European Renal Best Practice position statement. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2013;28:1346-1359.
Macdougall IC, Bock A, Carrera F, et al; FIND-CKD Study Investigators. The FIND-CKD study--a randomized controlled trial of intravenous iron versus oral iron in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients: background and rationale. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014;29:843-850.
Macdougall IC, Bock AH, Carrera F, et al; FIND-CKD Study Investigators. FIND-CKD: a randomized trial of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus oral iron in patients with chronic kidney disease and iron deficiency anaemia. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014;29:2075-2084.
Macdougall IC, White C, Anker SD, et al; PIVOTAL Investigators and Committees. Intravenous iron in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:447-458.
Malyszko J, Mysliwiec M. Hepcidin in anemia and inflammation in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2007;30:15-30.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Chronic kidney disease: managing anaemia. NICE guideline [NG8]. Published June 3, 2015. Accessed December 3, 2020. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng8
Pfeffer MA, Burdmann EA, Chen CY, et al, TREAT Investigators. A trial of darbepoetin alfa in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:2019-2032.
Ponikowski P, van Veldhuisen DJ, Comin-Colet J, et al. Beneficial effects of long-term intravenous iron therapy with ferric carboxymaltose in patients with symptomatic heart failure and iron deficiencydagger. Eur Heart J. 2015;36:657-668.
Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, et al; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2016;37:2129-2200.
Shepshelovich D, Rozen-Zvi B, Avni T, et al. Intravenous versus oral iron supplementation for the treatment of anemia in CKD: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2016;68:677-690.
Singh AK, Szczech L, Tang KL, et al; CHOIR Investigators. Correction of anemia with epoetin alfa in chronic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:2085-2098.
Valderrábano F, Hörl WH, Macdougall IC, et al. PRE-dialysis survey on anaemia management. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003;18:89-100.
Vinke JSJ, Francke MI, Eisenga MF, et al. Iron deficiency after kidney transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2020. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa123 [Epub ahead of print]
Weiss G, Goodnough LT. Anemia of chronic disease. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:1011-1023.
Wish JB. Assessing iron status: beyond serum ferritin and transferrin saturation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;1 Suppl 1:S4-8.
Wish JB, Aronoff GR, Bacon BR, et al. Positive iron balance in chronic kidney disease: How much is too much and how to tell? Am J Nephrol. 2018;47:72-83.
Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/HFSA focused update of the 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Failure Society of America. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70:776-803.
Young B, Zaritsky J. Hepcidin for clinicians. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;4:1384-1387.

WebMD Global requires each individual who is in a position to control the content of one of its educational activities to disclose any relevant financial relationships occurring within the past 12 months that could create a conflict of interest.

Moderator

Austin Stack, MD, MBBCh, MSc, FRCPI, FASN

Professor of Medicine
School of Medicine
University of Limerick
Limerick, Ireland

Disclosures

Disclosure: Austin Stack, MD, MBBCH, MSc, FRCPI, FASN, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Served as an advisor or consultant for: Astellas Pharma, Inc.; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP; Menarini Group; Vifor Pharma
Served as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Astellas Pharma, Inc.; Vifor Pharma
Received grants for clinical research from: Menarini Group; Vifor Pharma

Panelists

Aleix Cases, MD, PhD

Senior Consultant in Nephrology
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Hospital Clinic
Barcelona, Spain

Disclosures

Disclosure: Aleix Cases, MD, PhD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Served as an advisor or consultant for: Astellas Pharma, Inc.; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; GlaxoSmithKline; Novo Nordisk; Vifor Pharma
Served as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Amgen Inc.; Astellas Pharma, Inc.; Bayer AG; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Novo Nordisk
Received grants for clinical research from: AB-Biotics, S.A.; Vifor Pharma

Martin de Borst, MD, PhD

Consultant Nephrologist
Adjunct Professor of Medicine
University Medical Center
Groningen, the Netherlands

Disclosures

Disclosure: Martin de Borst, MD, PhD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Served as an advisor or consultant for: Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd.; Pharmacosmos A/S; Sanofi Genzyme; Vifor Pharma
Served as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd.; Sanofi Genzyme; Vifor Pharma
Received grants for clinical research from: Sanofi Genzyme; Vifor Pharma

Editor

George Boutsalis, PhD

Senior Medical Education Director
Medscape, LLC

Disclosures

Disclosure: George Boutsalis, PhD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

Content Reviewer

Robert Morris, PharmD

Associate Director, Accreditation and Compliance, Medscape, LLC

Disclosures

Disclosure: Robert Morris, PharmD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Served as an advisor or consultant for: ViiV Healthcare
Owns stock, stock options, or bonds from: GlaxoSmithKline

Peer Reviewer

This activity has been peer reviewed and the reviewer has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

CPD

Iron Deficiency Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: Discussing Patient Cases

Authors: Austin Stack, MD, MBBCh, MSc, FRCPI, FASN; Aleix Cases, MD, PhD; Martin de Borst, MD, PhD
CPD Released: 1/21/2021
THIS ACTIVITY HAS EXPIRED
Valid for credit through: 1/21/2022

Start Activity

Target Audience and Goal Statement

This educational activity is intended for an international audience of non-US nephrologists, primary care physicians, and cardiologists

The goal of this activity is to discuss the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Upon completion of this activity, participants will:

Have increased knowledge regarding the
- Iron deficiency anemia in the setting of CKD with or without heart failure
- Guideline recommendations for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment algorithm
Have greater competence related to
- Making individualized treatment decisions

Disclosures

Moderator

Austin Stack, MD, MBBCh, MSc, FRCPI, FASN

Professor of Medicine
School of Medicine
University of Limerick
Limerick, Ireland

Disclosures

Disclosure: Austin Stack, MD, MBBCH, MSc, FRCPI, FASN, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Served as an advisor or consultant for: Astellas Pharma, Inc.; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP; Menarini Group; Vifor Pharma
Served as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Astellas Pharma, Inc.; Vifor Pharma
Received grants for clinical research from: Menarini Group; Vifor Pharma

Panelists

Aleix Cases, MD, PhD

Senior Consultant in Nephrology
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Hospital Clinic
Barcelona, Spain

Disclosures

Disclosure: Aleix Cases, MD, PhD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Served as an advisor or consultant for: Astellas Pharma, Inc.; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; GlaxoSmithKline; Novo Nordisk; Vifor Pharma
Served as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Amgen Inc.; Astellas Pharma, Inc.; Bayer AG; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Novo Nordisk
Received grants for clinical research from: AB-Biotics, S.A.; Vifor Pharma

Martin de Borst, MD, PhD

Consultant Nephrologist
Adjunct Professor of Medicine
University Medical Center
Groningen, the Netherlands

Disclosures

Disclosure: Martin de Borst, MD, PhD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Served as an advisor or consultant for: Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd.; Pharmacosmos A/S; Sanofi Genzyme; Vifor Pharma
Served as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd.; Sanofi Genzyme; Vifor Pharma
Received grants for clinical research from: Sanofi Genzyme; Vifor Pharma

Editor

George Boutsalis, PhD

Senior Medical Education Director
Medscape, LLC

Disclosures

Disclosure: George Boutsalis, PhD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

Content Reviewer

Robert Morris, PharmD

Associate Director, Accreditation and Compliance, Medscape, LLC

Disclosures

Disclosure: Robert Morris, PharmD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Served as an advisor or consultant for: ViiV Healthcare
Owns stock, stock options, or bonds from: GlaxoSmithKline

Peer Reviewer

This activity has been peer reviewed and the reviewer has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

Accreditation Statements

For Physicians

The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Medicine of the Royal Colleges of Physicians of the United Kingdom (FPM) has reviewed and approved the content of this educational activity and allocated it 0.50 continuing professional development credits (CPD).

Contact WebMD Global

For questions regarding the content of this activity, contact the accredited provider for this CME/CE activity noted above. For technical assistance, contact [email protected]

Instructions for Participation and Credit

There are no fees for participating in or receiving credit for this online educational activity. For information about your eligibility to claim credit, please consult your professional licensing board.

This activity is designed to be completed within the time designated on the title page; physicians should claim only those credits that reflect the time actually spent participating in the activity. To successfully earn credit, participants must complete the activity online during the credit eligibility period that is noted on the title page.

Follow these steps to claim a credit certificate for completing this activity:

Read the information provided on the title page regarding the target audience, learning objectives, and author disclosures, read and study the activity content and then complete the post-test questions. If you earn a passing score on the post-test and we have determined based on your registration profile that you may be eligible to claim CPD credit for completing this activity, we will issue you a CPD credit certificate.
Once your CPD credit certificate has been issued, you may view and print the certificate from your CME/CE Tracker. CPD credits will be tallied in your CME/CE Tracker and archived for 6 years; at any point within this time period you can print out the tally as well as the certificates by accessing "Edit Your Profile" at the top of the Medscape Education homepage.

We encourage you to complete an Activity Evaluation to provide feedback for future programming.

You may now view or print the certificate from your CME/CE Tracker. You may print the certificate but you cannot alter it. Credits will be tallied in your CME/CE Tracker and archived for 6 years; at any point within this time period you can print out the tally as well as the certificates by accessing "Edit Your Profile" at the top of your Medscape homepage.

*The credit that you receive is based on your user profile.

From Medscape Education

CPD

Iron Deficiency Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: Discussing Patient Cases

Authors: Austin Stack, MD, MBBCh, MSc, FRCPI, FASN; Aleix Cases, MD, PhD; Martin de Borst, MD, PhDFaculty and Disclosures

THIS ACTIVITY HAS EXPIRED

CPD Released: 1/21/2021

Valid for credit through: 1/21/2022

processing....

Practice Assessment

How will you improve your practice? Please click on the " Next" button to assess your planned changes by completing this brief survey. (Note: the following questions were developed by an independent consulting group with expertise in assessing the effectiveness of medical education.)

Page 1 of 3

Practice Assessment

CPD Information Download Slides

Activity Transcript

Print
Like Tweet

Disclaimer

The educational activity presented above may involve simulated, case-based scenarios. The patients depicted in these scenarios are fictitious and no association with any actual patient, whether living or deceased, is intended or should be inferred. The material presented here does not necessarily reflect the views of Medscape, LLC, or any individuals or commercial entities that support companies that support educational programming on medscape.org. These materials may include discussion of therapeutic products that have not been authorized by the European Medicines Agency for use in Europe, off-label uses of authorized products, or data that were presented in abstract form. These data should be considered preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed journal. Readers should verify all information and data before treating patients or employing any therapies described in this or any educational activity. A qualified healthcare professional should be consulted before using any therapeutic product discussed herein.

References

Faculty and Disclosures

Moderator

Austin Stack, MD, MBBCh, MSc, FRCPI, FASN​

Panelists

Aleix Cases, MD, PhD

Martin de Borst, MD, PhD​

Editor

George Boutsalis, PhD

Content Reviewer

Robert Morris, PharmD

Peer Reviewer

CPD

Iron Deficiency Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: Discussing Patient Cases

Target Audience and Goal Statement

Disclosures

Moderator

Austin Stack, MD, MBBCh, MSc, FRCPI, FASN​

Panelists

Aleix Cases, MD, PhD

Martin de Borst, MD, PhD​

Editor

George Boutsalis, PhD

Content Reviewer

Robert Morris, PharmD

Peer Reviewer

Accreditation Statements

For Physicians

Instructions for Participation and Credit

Iron Deficiency Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: Discussing Patient Cases

Practice Assessment

Austin Stack, MD, MBBCh, MSc, FRCPI, FASN

Martin de Borst, MD, PhD

Austin Stack, MD, MBBCh, MSc, FRCPI, FASN

Martin de Borst, MD, PhD