Aberg JA, Sponseller CA, Ward DJ, Kryzhanovski VA, et al. Pitavastatin versus pravastatin in adults with HIV-1 infection and dyslipidaemia (INTREPID): 12 week and 52 week results of a phase 4, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, superiority trial. Lancet HIV. 2017;4:e284-e294.
Brush JE, Jr., Handberg EM, Biga C, et al. 2015 ACC Health Policy Statement on Cardiovascular Team-Based Care and the Role of Advanced Practice Providers. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;65:2118-2136.
ClinicalTrials.gov. Evaluating the use of pitavastatin to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected adults (REPRIEVE). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02344290. Accessed December 7, 2018.
Greenland P, Blaha MJ, Budoff MJ, et al. Coronary calcium score and cardiovascular risk. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018;72:434-447.
Grundy SM. 2018 AHA/ACC/AACVPR/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000625. Accessed December 7, 2018.
Jacobson TA, Maki KC, Orringer CE, et al. National Lipid Association recommendations for patient-centered management of dyslipidemia: part 2. J Clin Lipidol. 2015;9:S1-122 e121.
Lo J, Lu MT, Ihenachor EJ, et al. Effects of statin therapy on coronary artery plaque volume and high-risk plaque morphology in HIV-infected patients with subclinical atherosclerosis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet HIV. 2015;2:e52-63.
Sponseller CA, Kryzhanovski VA, Morgan RE, et al. After 52 weeks, pitavastatin is superior to pravastatin for LDL-C lowering in patients with HIV. Poster presented at: 2014 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI); March 3-6, 2014; Boston, MA. http://www.croiconference.org/sites/all/abstracts/751LB.pdf. Accessed May 29, 2018. Poster 751LB.
Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH, et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63:2889-2934.
Toribio M, Fitch KV, Stone L, et al. Assessing statin effects on cardiovascular pathways in HIV using a novel proteomics approach: Analysis of data from INTREPID, a randomized controlled trial. EBioMedicine. 2018;35:58-66.
Toribio M, Fitch KV, Sanchez L, et al. Effects of pitavastatin and pravastatin on markers of immune activation and arterial inflammation in HIV. AIDS. 2017;31:797-806.
Triant VA. Epidemiology of coronary heart disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus. Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2014;15:S1-S8.
US Food and Drug Administration. Drug safety communication: interactions between certain HIV or hepatitis C drugs and cholesterol-lowering statin drugs can increase the risk of muscle injury. https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm293877.htm. Accessed November 23, 2018.
Vachiat A, McCutcheon K, Tsabedze N, et al. HIV and ischemic heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017;69:73-82.

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Faculty

James A. Underberg, MD

Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine
NYU School of Medicine
Director
Bellevue Hospital Lipid Clinic
NYU Center for CVD Prevention
New York, New York

Disclosures

Disclosure: James A. Underberg, MD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Served as an advisor or consultant for: Amarin Corporation plc; Amgen Inc.
Served as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Akcea Therapeutics; Amarin Corporation plc; Amgen Inc.; Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc.; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Sanofi
Received grants for clinical research from: Aegerion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Pfizer Inc.

Steven Grinspoon, MD

Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Director
MGH Program in Nutritional Metabolism & Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts

Disclosures

Disclosure: Steven Grinspoon, MD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Served as an advisor or consultant for: Theratechnologies Inc.
Other: Received grants from Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc.

Editor

Joy P. Marko, MS, APN-C, CCMEP

Scientific Director, Medscape, LLC

Disclosures

Disclosure: Joy P. Marko, MS, APN-C, CCMEP, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

CME Reviewer / Nurse Planner

Amy Bernard, MS, BSN, RN-BC, CHCP

Lead Nurse Planner, Medscape, LLC

Disclosures

Disclosure: Amy Bernard, MS, BSN, RN-BC, CHCP, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

CE Reviewer

Esther Nyarko, PharmD

Associate Clinical CME Director, Medscape, LLC

Disclosures

Disclosure: Esther Nyarko, PharmD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

Peer Reviewer

This activity has been peer reviewed and the reviewer has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:

Served as an advisor or consultant for: Abbot Laboratories; Medtronic, Inc.

CME / ABIM MOC / CE

Examining HIV and Atherosclerosis: Statin Benefits Beyond LDL-C Reduction

Authors: James A. Underberg, MD; Steven Grinspoon, MD
CME / ABIM MOC / CE Released: 12/20/2018
THIS ACTIVITY HAS EXPIRED FOR CREDIT
Valid for credit through: 12/20/2019, 11:59 PM EST

Start Activity

Target Audience and Goal Statement

This activity is intended for cardiologists, ID/HIV specialists, primary care physicians, nurses and pharmacists.

The goal of this activity is to improve understanding of the effects of statin therapy on inflammation and immune activation in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Upon completion of this activity, participants will:

Have increased knowledge regarding the
- Latest evidence on the use of statin therapy in patients with HIV
- Effects of statin therapy on inflammation and immune activation in patients with HIV

Disclosures

Faculty

James A. Underberg, MD

Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine
NYU School of Medicine
Director
Bellevue Hospital Lipid Clinic
NYU Center for CVD Prevention
New York, New York

Disclosures

Disclosure: James A. Underberg, MD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Served as an advisor or consultant for: Amarin Corporation plc; Amgen Inc.
Served as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Akcea Therapeutics; Amarin Corporation plc; Amgen Inc.; Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc.; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Sanofi
Received grants for clinical research from: Aegerion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Pfizer Inc.

Steven Grinspoon, MD

Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Director
MGH Program in Nutritional Metabolism & Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts

Disclosures

Disclosure: Steven Grinspoon, MD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Served as an advisor or consultant for: Theratechnologies Inc.
Other: Received grants from Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc.

Editor

Joy P. Marko, MS, APN-C, CCMEP

Scientific Director, Medscape, LLC

Disclosures

Disclosure: Joy P. Marko, MS, APN-C, CCMEP, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

CME Reviewer / Nurse Planner

Amy Bernard, MS, BSN, RN-BC, CHCP

Lead Nurse Planner, Medscape, LLC

Disclosures

Disclosure: Amy Bernard, MS, BSN, RN-BC, CHCP, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

CE Reviewer

Esther Nyarko, PharmD

Associate Clinical CME Director, Medscape, LLC

Disclosures

Disclosure: Esther Nyarko, PharmD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

Peer Reviewer

This activity has been peer reviewed and the reviewer has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:

Served as an advisor or consultant for: Abbot Laboratories; Medtronic, Inc.

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From Medscape Education Cardiology

CME / ABIM MOC / CE

Examining HIV and Atherosclerosis: Statin Benefits Beyond LDL-C Reduction

Authors: James A. Underberg, MD; Steven Grinspoon, MDFaculty and Disclosures

THIS ACTIVITY HAS EXPIRED FOR CREDIT

CME / ABIM MOC / CE Released: 12/20/2018

Valid for credit through: 12/20/2019, 11:59 PM EST

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The educational activity presented above may involve simulated case-based scenarios. The patients depicted in these scenarios are fictitious and no association with any actual patient is intended or should be inferred.

The material presented here does not necessarily reflect the views of Medscape, LLC, or companies that support educational programming on medscape.org. These materials may discuss therapeutic products that have not been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and off-label uses of approved products. A qualified healthcare professional should be consulted before using any therapeutic product discussed. Readers should verify all information and data before treating patients or employing any therapies described in this educational activity.

References

Faculty and Disclosures

Faculty

James A. Underberg, MD

Steven Grinspoon, MD

Editor

Joy P. Marko, MS, APN-C, CCMEP

CME Reviewer / Nurse Planner

Amy Bernard, MS, BSN, RN-BC, CHCP

CE Reviewer

Esther Nyarko, PharmD

CME / ABIM MOC / CE

Examining HIV and Atherosclerosis: Statin Benefits Beyond LDL-C Reduction

Target Audience and Goal Statement

Disclosures

Faculty

James A. Underberg, MD

Steven Grinspoon, MD

Editor

Joy P. Marko, MS, APN-C, CCMEP

CME Reviewer / Nurse Planner

Amy Bernard, MS, BSN, RN-BC, CHCP

CE Reviewer

Esther Nyarko, PharmD

Accreditation Statements

For Physicians

For Nurses

For Pharmacists

Instructions for Participation and Credit

Examining HIV and Atherosclerosis: Statin Benefits Beyond LDL-C Reduction