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an education activity to disclose all relevant financial relationships with any commercial interest. The ACCME defines "relevant
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relationships of a spouse or life partner, that could create a conflict of interest.
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UBC Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Eye Care Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Disclosure: Jean Chuo, MD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
UBC Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Eye Care Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Disclosure: Sonia N. Yeung, MD, PhD, is funded by the Canadian National Institute for the Blind through the EA Baker Scholarship.
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Brandon Regional Health Authority, Brandon, MB, Canada
Disclosure: Guillermo Rocha, MD, FRCSC, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Editorial Director, Future Science Group, London, United Kingdom
Disclosure: Elisa Manzotti has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Associate Professor; Residency Director, Department of Family Medicine, University of California, Irvine
Disclosure: Charles P. Vega, MD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
CME Clinical Director, Medscape, LLC
Disclosure: Nafeez Zawahir, MD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
CME Program Manager, Medscape, LLC
Disclosure: Sarah Fleischman has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
This activity is intended for ophthalmologists and other physicians who perform corneal and refractive surgical procedures.
The goal of this activity is to evaluate modern techniques of corneal and refractive surgical procedures.
Upon completion of this activity, participants will be able to:
As an organization accredited by the ACCME, Medscape, LLC, requires everyone who is in a position to control the content of
an education activity to disclose all relevant financial relationships with any commercial interest. The ACCME defines "relevant
financial relationships" as financial relationships in any amount, occurring within the past 12 months, including financial
relationships of a spouse or life partner, that could create a conflict of interest.
Medscape, LLC, encourages Authors to identify investigational products or off-label uses of products regulated by the US Food
and Drug Administration, at first mention and where appropriate in the content.
UBC Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Eye Care Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Disclosure: Jean Chuo, MD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
UBC Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Eye Care Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Disclosure: Sonia N. Yeung, MD, PhD, is funded by the Canadian National Institute for the Blind through the EA Baker Scholarship.
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Brandon Regional Health Authority, Brandon, MB, Canada
Disclosure: Guillermo Rocha, MD, FRCSC, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Editorial Director, Future Science Group, London, United Kingdom
Disclosure: Elisa Manzotti has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Associate Professor; Residency Director, Department of Family Medicine, University of California, Irvine
Disclosure: Charles P. Vega, MD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
CME Clinical Director, Medscape, LLC
Disclosure: Nafeez Zawahir, MD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
CME Program Manager, Medscape, LLC
Disclosure: Sarah Fleischman has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
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CME Released: 4/13/2011
Valid for credit through: 4/13/2012
processing....
Recent advances in technology and our understanding of corneal physiology have led to a rapid progression in available corneal and refractive surgical procedures. In contrast to the past, penetrating keratoplasty is no longer the only intervention of choice. Lamellar keratoplasty has gained a renewed interest and newer approaches, such as phototherapeutic keratectomy, laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis, intrastromal corneal ring segments, corneal collagen crosslinking, deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty and endothelial keratoplasty, are improving and becoming increasingly popular. This article is intended to be an overview of the modern corneal procedures, divided into three categories: anterior cornea, including those involving the epithelium, Bowman’s layer and anterior stroma; stromal; and posterior cornea, including those involving the posterior stroma, Descemet’s membrane and endothelium. Newer and experimental corneal procedures are also discussed.
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any therapies described in this educational activity.
Expert Review of Ophthalmology. 2011;6(2):1-20. © 2011
Expert Reviews Ltd.