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Schizophrenia, also referred to as schizoaffective disorder, is a severe and chronic psychiatric illness characterized by impairments in perception, cognition, and social and occupational functioning. Schizophrenia symptoms include delusions, hallucinations (such as hearing voices), regressive behavior, and paranoia. Paranoid schizophrenia is a chronic form of schizophrenia characterized primarily by the presence of persecutory or grandiose delusions and often associated with hallucinations. Schizophrenia treatment can involve both antipsychotic pharmacotherapy and cognitive-behavioral intervention.